Just like nature and nurture shape up our physical and mental faculties, these two factors also seem to determine our response to stress. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD has been shown to have a genetic and environmental connection. A study conducted by Kerry Ressler, of Emory University in Atlanta, established that an individual may be at an increased risk for developing PTSD if he/she possesses a particular gene variant in combination with a past traumatic experience. The research team examined the effects of a gene called FKBP5 and concluded that the presence of this gene could mean a predisposition to PTSD. Every individual has a different mechanism to deal with stressful situations like violence, accidents, natural calamity and war. While some succeed in leaving behind bad memories and moving on with life, others remain haunted by them for a long time to the extent that it affects their mental health and social well-being. PTSD is characterized by frequent nightmares, anxiety attacks, phobic behavior, insomnia and traumatic flashbacks.
The genetic link is also supported by the research on identical twins which sates that an identical twin is more likely to suffer from PTSD if the other twin is already affected as compared to fraternal sets. In any case however, the presence of a traumatic or stressful experience is mandatory. Another suppoting study by Avshalom Caspi and Terrie Moffitt, of the Institute of Psychiatry in London, has traced a gene called MAOA which is said to predispose a subject to antisocial behaviour when accompanied by a history of abuse or trauma.
Though the research is still in a preliminary stage, scientists claim that it could lead to new discoveries and approaches in diagnosing and treating stress-related psychiatric disorders.
Source: Times Online
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